Utility curves for IGN beyond gas with dollar inputs labelled; the proving price as the
forgone subsidy (1 / network hash) against Boundless's published rate; the adopted job floor
overprices the market above about USD 0.014 per IGN; a ten-year security budget with the
measured 5090 row (sustained hash USD 24.8 per GH/s-day against USD 281 rented, so the 20-day
34 percent weight attack costs 11.8x the honest fleet at every price); sim/economy re-run with
the eleven measured cards under eight stresses (T1 to T5 hold; a ten-day prover refusal strands
547,570 IGN a day of pool credit in the escrow with no rule to return it); the dev fee, the
signalling game, and the twelve-row table of what Kaspa, Monero, Ethereum and the zk rollups
did (rusty-kaspa cited by file and line).
Models: sim/horizon/economy-and-utility/ (utility.py, stress.py, security_budget_10y.py,
signal_game.py, devfee.py, results/).
Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com>
docs/analysis/51-percent.md: what a 51 percent attacker can and cannot do on Igneum, with
numbers (the selected-chain race over a 90-s hold, the lock as the reorder bound, the veto
at 1/3 of weight and its rental cost, the departure case and the LEAVE item, the p2p surface).
docs/analysis/horizon/consensus-security.md: the attack catalogue across GHOSTDAG ordering,
the difficulty rule, the finality weight, miner signalling, proof records, the exec layer and
p2p, each with the bound and the rental cost at the measured USD 11.7 per GH/s-hour; the
pruned-node unwrap class with its sibling list in the sync and IBD flows; fourteen ranked
defences, three of them not recommended with the reason.
Models and results: sim/horizon/consensus-security/ (ghostdag_sim.py, finality_horizon.py,
cost_model.py, signalling.py, result files).
Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com>
The 6 October 2026 pause from the observer rows: 20 keys holding 42.7 percent of the frozen
voter table left in three minutes; locks formed without the hub; the 2/3 rule paused at
checkpoint 6843 (53.1 percent of total) and the frozen table (Q5) held the pause for a window
where rule v2 would have locked after 35 minutes. Candidate rules run in a copy of the finality
simulator (seeds 7, 11, 13): only the departure announcement keeps 0 conflicting locks and ends
the pause under an hour. Weight capture priced at the measured USD 11.7 per GH/s-hour: the veto
0.52 x N for 30 days (USD 4,300 per GH/s of network), a lock alone 2.03 x N. Lock delay by voter
count measured on node 1; the ZK light client and prover attestations costed.
Models: sim/horizon/finality-and-weight/ (finality_horizon.py, weight_capture.py,
lightclient_cost.py, merge_results.py, results/).
Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com>
the project lead's 6 October 2026 ask: deep backward and forward research across the hash, finality,
economy, network and every shipped surface. This commit carries the first three lanes.
- docs/analysis/horizon/algorithm.md: the chip model on the 6 October numbers (f = 1 GDDR7
chip 5.7x per joule against the 5090 at class v3, 2.1x at class v4 with k = 1), the FPGA
lane tightened to 0.30x to 0.47x per watt, the reserve R0 to R8, the reconciled shadow-N
ladder (section 5.3a) with HBM4 and three verifier brackets, the first measured verifier
proxy on igneum-build-1 (class v4 5.06 ms cold, dr736 10.51: out), the dataset schedule
to 2030; model sim/horizon/algorithm/model.py.
- docs/analysis/horizon/frontier.md: sixteen ideas ranked by payoff over difficulty with the
Monero and Kaspa attacks, prior art cited, the honest never column; model
sim/horizon/frontier/frontier_model.py.
- docs/analysis/horizon/new-pow.md sections 0 to 4: three new proof-of-work schemes defined,
reviewed in two personas, scheme A (mining is proving) ruled out on bytes and
sampleability, B and C in prototype on two rented 4090s; measured rows follow.
- docs/analysis/horizon-2026-10.md: the summary skeleton and the lane table.
Every rental cost cites docs/bench-log.md "Rental cost of hash, 6 October 2026".
Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com>
